equilibrium analysis of public sector employment programmes and Calmfors (1994) for a more recent critique,

Lars Calmfors, Anders Forslund and Maria Hemström 64 Partly this reflects an old tradition, partly it was the response to a sudden and steep increase in unemployment in the early 1990s. At their peak in 1994, ALMPs in Sweden encompassed more than 5 per cent of the labour force and expenditures accounted for more than 3 per cent of GDP.

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2010. 2012. 2014. 2016. 80. 75.

First, ALMP can promote the search intensity of the But Calmfors (1994) concludes that shifts from open unemployment to program participation in Sweden have been associated with increased wage pressure in Calmfors, 1994, Katz and Krueger, 1995, Fay, 1996, for surveys).

16, 3-61. Calmfors, L. (1994), “Active Labor Market Policy and Unemployment – A Framework for the Analysis of Crucial Design Features” OECD Economic Studies, 22. Card, D. and D. R. Hyslop (2005), “Estimating the Effects of a Time-Limited Earnings subsidy for Welfare-Leavers”, Econometrica, 73(6), 1723-1770. Card D. and Ph. K. Robins (1999), “Measuring “Wage Progression” Among

Empirical studies of how work interrup tions affect individuals can roughly be divided into two main strands. One strand has been Lars Calmfors Slides. Presentation about The Economic Council (Denmark) at the Swedish Fiscal Policy Council's conference on fiscal policy institutions, Stockholm, November 18, 2010. The Swedish budget consolidation 1994-1997 " at Danmarks Nationalbank, Copenhagen, August 16, 2010.

Lars Calmfors. Saltsjöbadsavtalet 80 år. 12/3- PresentationFacklig organisationsgrad. 1993. 1994. 1995. 1996. 1997. 1998. 1999. 2000. 2001. 2002. 2003.

2004-03-01 Lars Calmfors har medverkat i offentlig utredning. Alla utredningar med Lars Calmfors och deras förslag. Sören Öman är ordförande i Arbetsdomstolen, föreläsare, utredare, skiljeman och författare. 1994).

1 See for example Pissarides (1990), Layard et al. (1991), Bean (1994), and Nickell and Layard (1999). påverkar även icke-deltagare (se Calmfors 1994, 1996, för en mer detaljerad genomgång av tänkbara effekter av arbetsmarknadspolitiska program). Mikroeffekterna kan vidare delas in i inlåsningseffekter, vilka beror på minskad sökaktivitet under programdeltagandet, och behandlingseffekter efter avslutad åtgärd. COMMENT ON BERTIL HOLMLUND AND ANN-SOFIE KOLM, Lars Calmfors Pissarides, 1994).
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16, 3-61. Calmfors, L. (1994), “Active Labor Market Policy and Unemployment – A Framework for the Analysis of Crucial Design Features” OECD Economic Studies, 22. Card, D. and D. R. Hyslop (2005), “Estimating the Effects of a Time-Limited Earnings subsidy for Welfare-Leavers”, Econometrica, 73(6), 1723-1770. Card D. and Ph. K. Robins (1999), “Measuring “Wage Progression” Among 2014-12-31 Calmfors, Lars.

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See e.g. Calmfors (1994a), Minford (1994) or Holrnlund (1994). This way of raking ac- count of the current-account situation car1 be seen as a rough way of imposing an inter- temporal solvency constraint on unemployment. If lower une'mployrnent today is achieved at the expense of a current-account deficit, this may require higher unemploy-

Jackman, 1994). This is the approach taken here. So‐called lock‐in effects (Calmfors, 1994) can explain the differences in the short term impacts, because enhanced services and sanctioning schemes demand less from the participants than more intensive employment programs in terms of time that could also be spent on looking for a job (see Section 2). The results also show that subsidized Calmfors (1994) expands the locking-in effect by also including the negative effect on search behavior due to the prospect of participating in an ALMP, for example, due to its attractiveness, its pay, or its lack of required geographical mobility.

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av W KORPI · 1998 · Citerat av 6 — (till exempel Stigler 1965; Rivlin 1986; Krugman 1994). Vanligen accepteras tion, nagot som ledde till vad Calmfors (1993, s 54) kallat Thatcherism med en ak.

Calmfors, L. and A. Forslund, 1991, Real wage adjustment and labour market policies: The Swedish experience, The Economic Journal 101. Calmfors, Lars. 1994. “Active Labour Market Policy and Unemployment – A Framework for the Analysis of Crucial Design Features”. OECD Economic Studies No. 22. So‐called lock‐in effects (Calmfors, 1994) can explain the differences in the short term impacts, because enhanced services and sanctioning schemes demand less from the participants than more intensive employment programs in terms of time that could also be spent on looking for a job (see Section 2). Lars Calmfors, Anders Forslund and Maria Hemström 64 Partly this reflects an old tradition, partly it was the response to a sudden and steep increase in unemployment in the early 1990s.